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Brachial Plexus Palsy Foundation
Glossary
Terms A-B
Terms C-H
Terms I-O
Terms P-Z
Terms A-B
ABDUCTION
- The lateral movement of the limbs away from the median plane of the body, or the lateral bending of the head or trunk.
- The movement of the digits away from the axial line of a limb.
- Outward rotation of the eyes.
ADDUCT
- To draw towards the main axis of the body or a limb.
ANASTOMOSIS
- A natural communication between two vessels; may be direct or by means of
connecting channels.
- The surgical or pathological connections of two tubular structures.
ANTERIOR
AROM
AVULSION
- A tearing away forcibly of a part or structure.
AXILLA
BRACHIAL PLEXUS
- Network of lower cervical and upper dorsal spinal nerves supplying
the arm, forearm and hand.
BUE
- Bilateral Upper Extremities.
Terms C-H
CAPILLARY
- Any of the minute blood vessels, averaging 0.008mm in diameter,
carrying blood and forming the capillary system. Capillaries connect
the smallest arteries (arterioles) with the smallest veins (venules).
- Pertinent to hair; hairlike.
CENTRIFUGE
- A device which spins or whirls test tubes at high speeds.
CONTRACTURE
- Permanent contraction of a muscle due to spasm or paralysis.
- A condition of fixed high resistance to the passive stretch of a muscle, as may result from fibrosis
of tissues surrounding a joint.
CYANOSIS
- Slightly bluish, grayish, slatelike or dark purple discoloration of the skin due to
presence of abnormal amounts of reduced hemoglobin in the blood.
DEBRIDEMENT
- The removal of foreign materials and dead or damaged tissue, especially
in a wound.
DURA
- Dura mater is the outer membrane covering the spinal cord and brain.
HORNER'S SYNDROME
- Contraction of the pupil, enophthalmos (recession of the eyeball into the orbit), and sometimes
loss of sweating over the affected side of the face. Due to paralysis
of the cervical sympathetic nerve trunk.
HYPERVOLEMIA
- Plethora of blood; abnormal increase in the volume of circulating
blood.
Terms I-O
INTERCOSTAL
INTUBATE
- To insert a tube in a part, especially the larynx.
LARYNGEAL
MACULA
- A small spot or colored area.
MENINGITIS
- Inflammation of the membranes of the spinal cord or brain.
MULTIPAROUS
- Having borne more than one child.
- Producing more than one child at birth.
MUSCULOCUTANEOUS
- Pertinent to the muscles and skin.
- Supplying or affecting the muscles and skin.
NEURAPRAXIA
- Cessation in function of a peripheral nerve
without degenerative changes occuring.
NEUROLYSIS
- Stretching of a nerve to relieve tension.
- Loosening of adhesions surrounding a nerve.
- Disintegration or destruction of nerve tissue.
NEUROMA
- Former term for any type of tumor composed of nerve cells.
NEUROTMESIS
- Nerve injury with complete loss of function of the nerve even
though there is little apparent damage anatomically.
OMOHYOID
- Concerning the scapula and the hyoid bone.
- Muscle attached to the hyoid bone and the scapula.
Terms P-Z
PARIETAL
- Pertinent to, or forming, the wall of a cavity.
- Pertinent to the parietal bone.
PARTURITION
- Act of giving birth to young.
PERFUSION
- Passing of a fluid through spaces.
- The pouring of a fluid.
- Supplying an organ or tissue with nutrients and oxygen by
injecting blood or a suitable fluid into an artery.
PERIORBITAL
- Surrounding the socket of the eye.
PHERENIC NERVE
- One arising in the cervical plexus entering the thorax and passing to the diaphragm.
- A motor nerve to the diaphragm with sensory fibers to the pericardium.
PNEUMOTHORAX
- A collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity.
POPLITEAL
- Concerning the posterior surface of the knee.
POSTERIOR
- Toward the tear or caudal end;opposed to anterior.
- In man, toward the back; dorsal.
- Situated behind, coming after.
PROM
PROPRIOCEPTIVE
- Pertinent to prioprioception-the awareness of one's own posture, movement and changes
in equilibrium and the knowledge of position, weight and resistance
of objects in relation to the body.
ROM
SCALENUS
- One of three deeply situated muscles on each side of the neck
extending from the tubercles of the transverse processes of the third
through sixth cervical vertebrae to the first or second rib.
SERUM
- Any serous fluid especially the fluid which moistens the surfaces
of serous membranes.
- The watery portion of the blood after coagulation; a
fluid found when clotted blood is left standing long enough for the
clot to shrink.
STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID
- One of two muscles arising from the sternum and inner part of the
clavicle.
STRIDOR
- Harsh sound during respiration, high pitched and
resembling the blowing of wind due to obstruction of air passages.
SUPINE
- Lying on the back or with the face upward.
- Noting position of the hand or foot with the palm or foot facing upward.
- Opposite of prone.
SUPRASCAPULAR
- Located above the scapula-the large flat triangular bone which forms
the posterior part of the shoulder.
SYMPHYSIOTOMY
- Cutting a section of the symphysis pubia to facilitate childbirth
by enlarging the pelvic outlet.
TACHYCARDIA
- Abnormal rapidity of heart action, usually defined as a heart rate over
100 per minute.
TACHYPNEA
- Abnormal rapidity of respiration.
TACTILE
- Perceptible to the touch.
VAGAL
- Pertinent to the vagus nerve- the tenth cranial nerve. it is a
mixed nerve, having motor and sensory functions and a wider distribution
than any of the other cranial nerves.
The Brachial Plexus Palsy Foundation is not affiliated with
any of the organizations or individuals mentioned herein.
We are solely an information provider and are
not medical professionals.
We are providing this information as a resource and are not in anyway trying to
influence the reader's decision to call these contacts that we have provided.
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